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盘点汽车胎压传感器常见故障表现

2026-09-18

轮胎作为车辆与路面直接接触的部件

其胎压状态会直接影响车辆的行驶

以及轮胎使用寿命

而胎压传感器一旦出现故障

就可能导致胎压数据显示异常

甚至无法正常监测轮胎状态。

那么，胎压传感器到底有什么作用？

出现故障后又有哪些表现呢？

As the components that directly connect the vehicle to the road

tires play a critical role in driving safety and performance.

Tire-pressure has a direct impact on the vehicle’s handling

and driving performance, as well as the service life of the tires.

Once the tire-pressure sensor malfunctions

it may cause inaccurate tire-pressure readings

or even prevent the system from properly monitoring tire-pressure

So, what exactly is the function of a tire-pressure sensor?

And what are the common signs of a malfunction?

How Does a Tire Pressure Sensor Work?

胎压传感器的工作原理

简单来说，胎压传感器的工作过程可以概括为：实时检测 → 无线电发送 → 接收模块 → 仪表显示

胎压传感器是胎压监测系统（TPMS）的核心部件之一，通常安装在轮胎内部，与气门嘴组件相连接。车辆行驶过程中，传感器会持续监测轮胎内部的气压和温度等参数，并将采集到的数据转换成电子信号。当传感器检测到轮胎内部压力发生变化时，会通过内部的压力检测元件感知胎压变化，再由电子控制模块对数据进行处理，并通过无线方式将信息发送至车辆的胎压监测接收模块。车辆接收到信号后，会对各个车轮的胎压数据进行分析，并将结果显示在仪表盘上。

In simple terms, the working process of a tire-pressure sensor can be summarized as: Real-time Monitoring → Wireless Transmission → Receiving Module → Dashboard Display.

The tire-pressure sensor is one of the core components of the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS). It is typically installed inside the tire and connected to the valve stem assembly. While the vehicle is in motion, the sensor continuously monitors parameters such as internal tire‑pressure and temperature, and converts the collected data into electronic signals.

When the sensor detects a change in internal tire-pressure, its internal pressure-sensing element captures the variation. The electronic control module then processes the collected data and wirelessly transmits the information to the vehicle’s TPMS receiving module.

Upon receiving the signal, the vehicle analyzes tire-pressure data for each wheel and displays the results on the instrument panel.

Four Warning Signs of a Faulty Tire Pressure Sensor

胎压传感器损坏的四个报警信号

报警灯常亮

TPMS Warning Light Stays On

车辆启动后，如果胎压监测报警灯持续亮起，首先应检查轮胎是否存在胎压不足、漏气等情况。如果确认四轮胎压正常，但报警灯仍然常亮，则可能是胎压传感器信号异常、传感器电量不足或系统存在故障。

After starting the vehicle, if the TPMS warning light remains illuminated, first check the tires for low pressure, air leakage or other problems. If the tire pressure of all four wheels is confirmed normal, yet the warning light stays on, this may point to an abnormal tire-pressure sensor signal, low sensor battery, or an internal TPMS fault.

报警灯闪烁

TPMS Warning Light Flashes

如果胎压监测报警灯在启动后出现闪烁，随后持续点亮，通常更偏向于胎压监测系统本身存在故障，如传感器无法正常通信、传感器损坏或系统无法识别传感器等。此时应进一步检测，确认具体故障原因。

If the TPMS warning light flashes after the vehicle is started and then remains illuminated, it generally indicates a fault within the tire-pressure monitoring system. Possible causes include failure of the sensor to communicate properly, a damaged sensor, or the system being unable to recognize the sensor. Further diagnostic testing should be performed to identify the specific cause of the fault.

数值异常或缺失

Abnormal or Missing Tire Pressure Readings

当某个轮位的胎压数值长时间无法显示，或者出现明显异常、数值不更新等情况，可能是对应胎压传感器出现故障，也可能与传感器电量不足、信号传输异常等因素有关。

If the tire-pressure reading for a specific wheel position remains unavailable for an extended period, shows an obvious abnormal value, or fails to update, the corresponding tire-pressure sensor may be malfunctioning. Other possible causes include low sensor battery or abnormal signal transmission.

轮位显示错乱

Incorrect Tire Position Display

如果仪表显示的胎压数值与实际轮胎位置对不上，如左前轮显示的数据实际上来自右后轮，就可能存在传感器轮位识别或匹配异常。

If the tire-pressure reading shown on the instrument panel does not correspond to the actual tire position — for example, the data displayed for the front-left wheel actually comes from the rear-right wheel — it may indicate an issue with sensor position identification or sensor matching.

What Causes Tire Pressure Sensor Failure?

胎压传感器损坏的病根在哪里？

除了自身电子元件老化外，日常轮胎拆装、补胎等操作也可能对传感器造成影响。常见原因主要有以下几种：

In addition to aging of its internal electronic components, routine tire demounting, mounting and tire patching operations may also affect the sensor. Common causes include the following：

传感器电池耗尽

Sensor Battery Depleted

胎压传感器通常采用内置电池供电，长期使用后电池会逐渐老化、耗尽。当电量不足时，可能出现信号变弱、数据无法正常传输，甚至胎压数值缺失等情况。

Tire-pressure sensors are typically powered by built-in batteries. Over time, the battery gradually deteriorates and eventually runs out of power. When the battery level is low, the sensor may transmit weaker signals, fail to transmit data properly, or even result in unavailable tire-pressure readings.

气门嘴老化开裂

Aged or Cracked Valve Stem

气门嘴长期受到高温、气压以及环境因素影响，随着使用时间增加，橡胶部件可能出现老化、变硬、开裂等问题。一旦密封性能下降，就可能造成轮胎慢漏气，严重时还可能引起胎压快速下降。

The valve stem is exposed to high temperatures, air pressure, and environmental factors over long-term service. As service time increases, its rubber components may deteriorate, harden, or develop cracks. Once the sealing performance is compromised, slow air leakage of the tire may occur; in severe cases, tire pressure may drop rapidly.

补胎操作不当

Improper Tire Repair

在进行补胎、换胎等操作时，如果拆装工具使用不当，或者操作位置不规范，可能碰撞、刮伤甚至损坏安装在轮胎内部的胎压传感器。

During tire patching or tire replacement, improper use of demounting-mounting tools or incorrect operating procedures may cause the tire-pressure sensor installed inside the tire to be impacted, scratched or even damaged.

气门嘴漏气导致胎压骤降

Valve Stem Leakage Causes Sudden Tire-Pressure Loss

如果气门嘴密封不良、阀芯异常或相关部件损坏，都可能造成轮胎漏气，使胎压在短时间内明显下降。当车辆出现胎压突然降低的情况时，应及时检查轮胎、气门嘴以及胎压传感器组件，确认具体漏气原因，避免继续低压行驶。

If the valve stem suffers from poor sealing, a faulty valve core or damaged related components, air leakage may occur, resulting in a significant drop in tire-pressure within a short period. When sudden tire-pressure drop occurs, the tire, valve stem and TPMS sensor assembly should be inspected promptly to identify the source of the leak and avoid continued driving with underinflated tires.

TPMS Warning Light Self-Check

胎压灯自查

查:B柱标准值

Check the Recommended Tire Pressure on the B-Pillar

参考驾驶员侧B柱或油箱盖标签，冷态胎压多为2.3-2.5bar。

Refer to the label on the driver-side B-pillar or fuel filler flap. The recommended cold-state tire‑pressure is typically 2.3–2.5 bar.

辩:常亮或闪烁

Check: Steady or Flashing

灯常亮通常为缺气，持续闪烁多为传感·系统故障或电池耗尽。

A continuously illuminated warning light usually indicates low tire-pressure, while persistent flashing typically points to a TPMS system fault or a depleted sensor battery.

补:换季调压力

Adjust Tire Pressure When Seasons Change

气温每降10°C胎压降0.1bar，秋冬报警建议先补气观察。

Tire-pressure typically drops by approximately 0.1 bar for every 10 °C fall in temperature. If the TPMS warning light activates in autumn or winter, inflate the tires first and monitor the condition.

避:扒胎防撞击

Avoid Impact During Tire Removal

传感器位于轮辋内侧，补胎时需告知维修师傅避开传感器。

The sensor is located on the inner side of the wheel rim. When carrying out tire-patching work, ensure you inform the technician to avoid impact to the sensor.

换:五至八年限

Replacement: 5–8 Year Service Life

传感器内置电池耗尽后需整体更换，并进行专业匹配学习。

Once the built-in battery of the sensor is depleted, the whole sensor assembly should be replaced, followed by professional sensor relearning and programming.